به آیینی و به سامانی:
درستی - سازش - شادی
نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استاد آیین دادرسی مدنی و بازرگانی گروه حقوق خصوصی و اسلامی دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله English
نویسنده English
If a claim rests upon an ancient document and the original is unavailable, the court must investigate the document's existence rather than insisting on the production of the original. If the court deems the document reliable based on other oral and written evidence—or if other documents reference it and the subject matter of the document has indeed materialized (such as a delivered object of sale, a taken-into-possession endowment, an endowment that has been acted upon, or a couple living in a marital union)—then the procedural rules regarding the authenticity of the document are set aside in favor of the substantive law of proof. Under the substantive law of proof, the judge is the central figure in the evidentiary process; the litigants assist the judge, who possesses investigative powers and may undertake any inquiry or measure necessary to uncover the truth. The Court proposed an approach that effectively obviated the need to produce the original. In this case—which involved two stages of cassation review—the Third Branch initially endeavored to secure the original document and complete the investigation, issuing relevant directives; subsequently, however, it deemed the conscientious conviction of the adjudicating judges regarding the document's reliability to be sufficient.
کلیدواژهها English
