به آیینی و به سامانی:
درستی - سازش - شادی
نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار گروه حقوق خصوصی و اسلامی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق نفت و گاز، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران
3 کارشناسی ارشد از دانشکده روانشناسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
Default arbitration, due to the non-appearance of the respondent and the absence of their defenses, constitutes a context susceptible to cognitive biases affecting arbitrators. This vulnerability exists across all types of arbitration, including commercial and domestic and international investment arbitration, potentially compromising the arbitrator’s impartiality. The present study aims to identify the circumstances in which cognitive biases emerge in default arbitration and to propose effective legal mechanisms to safeguard arbitrator impartiality. Employing a qualitative, analytical-comparative methodology, the research integrates principles of cognitive psychology—specifically the “fast and slow thinking” theory—and arbitration law, based on library-based analysis. Ten distinct cognitive biases were identified, each capable of influencing both procedural and substantive rulings in the absence of the respondent. The redesign of procedural requirements, engagement of independent experts, and establishment of multi-member arbitral tribunals, as opposed to sole arbitrators, can mitigate these biases and reinforce arbitrator impartiality. Properly structured procedural safeguards not only control cognitive biases but also enhance the legitimacy and enforceability of arbitral awards.
Keywords: default arbitration, arbitral award, cognitive bias, confirmation bias, effective notification
کلیدواژهها English
